Chuck



A. J. LAVOIE.

y CHUCK,

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26. 1919.

Patented May 25, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALPHONSE JQSEPH LAVOIE, OF MONTREAL, QUBEC, CAN-ADA..

CHUCK.

Application led March 26, 1919.

- in the city and district of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec, in the lominion of Canada, have invented a new :and useful Chuck, of which the following is a specification.

rEhe invention relates to chucks as described in the present specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings that form part of the same.

The invention consists essentially of the novel construction and .arrangement of parts, whereby the jaws may be adjusted to the proper size according to the work te be done and operated in their gripping movements by fluid driven members.

The objects of the invention are to facilitate the operations of turning metal and other materials in lathes by effecting a quick engagement and an instant release from a carefully adjusted central position; to insure reliability in a work holding inem* ber; to economize in labor by reducing the time required to set and release the work; to afford greater radius in the one device than is customary in ywork holding membersy and thereby save the time and trouble in? cident to replacing one size of machine for another; and generally to provide a holder for various purposes, comparatively cheap to manufacture and both durable and serviceable in use. f

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the-machine, showing one jaw in its socket.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal mid-sectional view.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation, showing a section broken away to disclose a sectional view of a jaw base and an operating member.

Fig. 5 is a detail of a wedging member and coperating parts.

Fig. 6 is a vertical side elevation of aY Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented May 25, 1920.

Serial No. 285,361.

Fig. 1l is an end View showing one half the yface plate and end wall appearing at intervals therebehind.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates the end wallY of the jaw holder and the said end wall is centrally recessed at 2, said recessy having a circular flat bed 3 and an air inlet l in the center thereof.

The wall l is formed with the annular inward flange 5 and the annular recess 6 at the end of said flange. Y

The face plate 7 is secured by the'screws S to the wall l and extends into and partly across the recess 2, having a central boss 9 and a threaded central socket 10 reaching to the bed 3 of said recess and receiving the hollow lathe spindle 11, through which the air pipe 12 reaches the air inlet i.

The other end ofthe air pipe l2 is journaled in the casing 13 connected .to the air supply by the pipe 14.

The body 15 of the holder is rigidly secured to the end wall 1 by the screws 16 and fits into the recess 6 to bring its inner wall iiush with the inner wall of the flange `5 and thereby form .a cylindrical piston chamber 17.

The remainder of the body l5 is formed with the cylindrical spring chambers 18, the circular guide orifices 19 for the wedging blocks and the radial jaw recesses 20 terminatingat the end of the cylindrical chamber 17, said jaw recesses 2O having the grooves 21 in the edges thereof.

The jaws 22 are eachL formed with three gripping faces 23, 24 and 25 in stepped ar Y wardly to and fro in their grooved bearings in said body.

The bases 28 for lsaid jaws 22 are formed with tongues 29 to fit into the remaining grooves 21 and are slidablelin said grooves in relation to the body 15, each of said bases having a semi-circular plain recess 30 corresponding to and opposing a recess 27 in a jaw, and the transverse ribs 31 and 32 limiting the length of the recess and forming abutments. The other side of each of said bases is recessed intermediate of the depth thereof at 33. The dogs 34 are pivotally secured at their ends 35 in prepared grooves in the body 15..opposite eachy of the. camv slots 33 and the cam sections 36 of said dogs are introduced into said slots, the actual cam engaging facesl being substantially of arcshape and so set in relation to one another as to move the bases 28 inwardly or outwardly as the case may be;v

The other ends of the dogs 34 beyond the cani sections 36 are the-wedgesurfaces 37 engaged bythe wedges 38,'the latter having the circular ends 39 operating in the guide orifices 19 andthe flattened innery sides 40 inclined from the head 41 of the wedge andengaging the wedge surfaces 37 of the dogs 34.

Thescrews 42 are introduced in the opi i posing semi-circular recess 27 and 30 ofthe j to said piston.'

On the other side of said piston, the outer annular recess v48 is made and contains the ring 49 rigidly secured and rigidlyr` holding A the-heads 41 of the wedges 38.

Itwill be thus seen that the piston 43 becomes the operating member for the wedges 38and incidentally theV means of actuating the cams forming part of the pivoted dogs 34. p

The helical springs 50 are introduced into vthe spring'chambers 18 and at one end engage the piston 43 Aand at the other are mounted on pin guides having the adjusting :heads 51 screw-threaded into vsaid chambers-18, thereby providing a means of regulating the pressure of said springs to insure the return ofthe piston to the end wall at the terminationof each operation.

` In the operation of this invention the aws are first adjusted by means of the screws 42,

which 'are-turned inwardly 'or outwardly asl the case may be.

The manipulation of the 4said screws 42 causes the jaws to` move, while the jaw bases` remain stationary, for it will be seen that in each set the thread at both ends will Vcome in contact with an abutment 31 or 32,

and on one side be in engagement with the jaw, therefore on that side the jaw progresses or retrogresses on the screw,rwhich widens or narrows the distance between gripping faces.

' The jaws are setby adjustment to correctly lit the piece of work and it will be noticed that a Vconsiderable variation'in sizes is provided for, as in the lirst place there are the three sets of gripping faces in steps and in the next place these have a radial movement for some distancein'andV out.

Y As soon as the jaws are properly adjusted the work is inserted and then the air is turned on, which causes a forward move.- inent of the piston 43 and coincidently of the wedges 38. The latter engage the wedgel surfaces of the dogs 34 and the cam sections of said dogs engage the bases of the jaws and move. bothvr basesV and their jaws inwardly, consequently Jtlie work is firmly gripped so long as the air is on, but they moment the air is shut off the jaws are in.- stantly released and thenthe work may be removed oi' reset.

This chuck is of the' universal type and- Y will operate instantly both in engaging andv disengaging the work. TheV travel of the engaging parts is of the slightest owing to the fine adjustment previously done, therefore the wear ,and tear on the. machine isA at the minimum with a corresponding precision in the operation.

Various changes may be made in the details of construction without. departing from the spirit of thefinvention, so long as they.

remain within the scope of the claims for novelty following this description. Y

`What I claim isz'* 1; A chuck comprising an air cylinder having yits head held by a face plate screwthreaded on' to a hollow lathe spindle, a chuck body completing the cylinder, an air feed pipe extending through the lathe spindle. and connected with the inlet through said head, a piston spring-held against said head, jaws formed with a gripping member adjustable. in relationV to ra base member and slidably mounted'in said .i *A chuck body, said base members having transverse slots intermediate of their length, and wedging members engaging said bases in said slots and operatively connected with said piston.

2. In a chuck, a body suitablyf supported and having jaw recesses and groovesin the walls of said recesses, jaw bases having tongues entering said ygrooves and recesses in their front faces, jaws having threadedv recesses in their inner faces opposing said base recesses and tonguesengaging in said grooves, and screws engaging said threadedVv recesses'and turning freely in the base recesses and stopped from longitudinal movement on said base, a piston operating in said body, levers pivoted within said body and"v swinging across said jaw bases, and wedges operatively engaging said levers. beyondthe jaw bases and actuated by said piston.

3. In a chuck, a body suitably supported and having jaw recesses and grooves in said recesses, jaw bases having tongues entering said grooves, each base having a transverse lever slot and a recess in its front face and transverse ribs across said recess forming abutments, a screw arranged between said abutments and turning freely in said base recess, jaws having tongues entering said grooves and suitable gripping faces, each jaw having a threaded inner face engaged by said screws and levers extending through said slots and therebeyond and pivoted at one end and operatively engaged at the other end.

t. In a chuck, a body having a centrally recessed end wall secured thereto and an inlet to an expansion chamber, a hollow lathe spindle supporting said body in said central recess, an air pipe through said spindle, jaws slidably mounted in said body, levers extending across said jaws inter-y mediate of their length and swinging from pivots at one end, a piston operating in said expansion chamber, and wedge pins engaging said levers beyond the jaws and operatively connected with said piston.

5. ln a chuck, a chuck body and end wall forming a cylindrical chamber having an air inlet, and jaw recesses, jaws adjustably arranged in said recesses, cam members operatively connected with said jaws, wedge pins engaging said cam members, and a piston operating in said cylindrical chamber and driving said wedge pins.

6. In a chuck, a chuck body and end wall forming a cylindrical chamber having an air inlet, and jaw recesses, guide and spring passages, jaws secured in said recesses, cam members engaging said jaws, wedge pins engaging said cam members and operating in guide passages, a piston operating in said cylindrical chamber, and driving said pins and springs in said passages returning said piston.

7 In a chuck, a chuck body and end wall forming a cylindrical chamber having an air inlet, spring and guide passages and jaw recesses, jaws adjustably arranged in said recesses and having in the rear portions thereof a cam slot, cam members pivoted in the said body and introduced into the prepared slots in said rear portions, wedge pins in said guide passages and engaging said cam members, a piston in said cylindrical chamber and secured to the heads of said wedge pins, and springs adjustably secured in said spring passages and engaging said piston.

Signed at the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, this 14th day of March, 1919.

ALPHONSE JOSEPH LAVCIE. 

